Cressalynne M. Ligo
For
the second half of the semester, Dr. Roberto Fernandez-Romero came to present his
research on the effects of early Alzheimer’s disease on driving and navigation.
In order to do this, researchers created three groups: young normal control
subjects (YNC), older normal control subjects (ONC), and patients with early Alzheimer’s
disease (EAD). One of the tests included a virtual driving test. Subjects from
each group were asked to watch video sequences that were previously recorded
from a vehicle moving at about 20 mph. From these video sequences, the
researchers created 2 types of video stimuli: pattern coherence and motion
speed. Both types had various speeds at which they were played at. The results
were measured based on Event Related Potentials (ERPs). Researchers found the
virtual driving test evoked N200s with large responses in both the coherence and
speed trials. It was found that in the speed portion of the test those in YNC
had larger responses at all speeds, but those in EAD had little any responses. There
were no clear results for those in the ONC.
In
a similar study done by Hird and colleagues (2016), researchers sought to
analyze two subject groups and their driving abilities. The study attempts to
distinguish whose driving ability is better or worse between people who have
Alzheimer’s disease versus people who have mild cognitive impairment. In order
to avoid any constructs, three groups were made: very mild Alzheimer’s disease,
mild Alzheimer’s disease, and mild cognitive impairment. All subjects were
given a variety of tests including on-road test scores, pass/fail classifications,
caregiver reports, real world crash involvement, and driving stimulator
collisions/risky behavior. Researchers found that those with very mild and mild
Alzheimer’s disease failed an on-road test compared to healthy drivers. In
contrast to the first group, those with mild cognitive impairment demonstrated
minor driving impairments. Based on these results, researchers were able to
conclude that driving ability is affected based on the degree of cognitive
impairment. Cognitive impairment results varied due to dependence on severity
whereas the results of the group with the disease were consistent.
Both studies attempt to explain the correlation between Alzheimer’s disease and driving ability. The first study uses a virtual driving test to measure both the subjects’ coherence and speed during the stimulation by comparing those with Alzheimer’s disease to people who were of different ages. The second study uses an on-road test along with a variety of other tests to measure the difference in driving abilities between people with the disease versus people with cognitive impairment. Although both have different characteristics, they both attempt to analyze the correlation that the disease might have with a person’s driving ability as well as navigation skills.
Both studies attempt to explain the correlation between Alzheimer’s disease and driving ability. The first study uses a virtual driving test to measure both the subjects’ coherence and speed during the stimulation by comparing those with Alzheimer’s disease to people who were of different ages. The second study uses an on-road test along with a variety of other tests to measure the difference in driving abilities between people with the disease versus people with cognitive impairment. Although both have different characteristics, they both attempt to analyze the correlation that the disease might have with a person’s driving ability as well as navigation skills.
Sources:
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